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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Incisional hernia ： ウィキペディア英語版 Incisional hernia An incisional hernia is a defect of the fascia of the abdominal wall following any incision, most commonly surgical incision. () It is a type of ventral hernia which is any hernia on the ventral abdominal wall. Ventral hernias may include primary (umbilical, epigastric, spigelian, or lumbar hernias not related to prior incisions) or incisional (following surgery including prior primary ventral hernia repair and trauma) subtypes. () == Epidemiology and Pathophysiology == Each year in the United States, nearly 5 million abdominal surgeries are performed and up to 20% of patients will develop a ventral incisional hernia. () It is estimated that this year in the United States, nearly 400,000 ventral hernias will be repaired of which one-fourth will be ventral incisional hernias. () Incisional hernias are believed to develop due to three main reasons: (1) increased intra-abdominal pressure, (2) weakened abdominal wall, and (3) surgical technique. Increased intra-abdominal pressure is most commonly due to obesity in developed countries. Over two-thirds of Americans are overweight and/or obese, fueling the "obesity epidemic". () Obesity increases pressure on the abdominal wall and may affect the abdominal wall dynamics by changing the shape and thus directional forces. Other common causes of increased intra-abdominal pressure include extreme exertion from activity, chronic cough (due to smoking or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), constipation, urinary obstruction, pregnancy, or ascites. () Abdominal wall weakness may related to genetics including underlying collagen vascular disorders, smoking, infections (e.g. surgical site infection), or incisions. () Finally, technical issues may contribute to the development of ventral incisional hernias. The incision (length, location, direction), suturing technique, and surgeon skill-level may all impact the rate of incisional hernia formation. () All of the technical issues may result in surgical site infections and/or poor healing of the incision. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Incisional hernia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.